現場快速判斷電磁閥好壞方法
一、首先檢查是不是電磁閥電磁線圈故障？
在DCS上給二位閥給開或者關的信號，然后看電磁閥是否得失電，一般在現場聽聲音即可。
若聽不到，那線圈肯定是有問題，至于電磁閥本身是不是有問題？（下面解釋）
如果電磁線圈問題，首先檢查接線，看是不是有虛接，或者有短路現象，如果線路上沒問題就是電磁閥線圈燒壞，可拆下電磁閥的接線，用萬用表測量，如果開路，則電磁閥線圈燒壞。原因有線圈受潮，引起絕緣不好而漏磁，造成線圈內電流過大而燒毀，因此要防止雨水進入電磁閥。此外，彈簧過硬，反作用力過大，線圈匝數太少，吸力不夠也可使得線圈燒毀。
二、若線圈是好的，那就是電磁閥本身的問題。
一般可以在手動調節(jié)處用一字起由1調到0位置，使閥打開，若是能打開就說明的確是線圈的問題，換個線圈就可以了，若打不開，就拆電磁閥，看是不是閥芯卡住，或者是有雜粒堵，清洗正確應該用CCL4，但是考慮到現場沒有條件的話，可以用汽油，實在沒有用水也可以，清洗后可以用現場儀表氣進行吹干，拆時務必記好各部件的順序，不注意的話，裝的時候很容易出錯，順序記錯就算你清洗好電磁閥，即使電磁閥已經通了也還是打不開的！
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液壓單向閥工作原理 當控制油口不通壓力油時，油液只能從PA→PB；當控制油口通壓力油時，正、反向的油液均可自由通過。當油液反向流動時，閥芯的受力平衡表達式為：pKAK-pAAK-FKM=pBA-pAA=FsFsW
液壓單向閥工作原理
當控制油口不通壓力油時，油液只能從PA→PB；當控制油口通壓力油時，正、反向的油液均可自由通過。當油液反向流動時，閥芯的受力平衡表達式為：pKAK-pAAK-FKM=pBA-pAA=FsFsW
（1）式中pK———控制油壓力，單位為N；pA———反向出油腔油液壓力，單位為N；pB———反向進油腔油液壓力，單位為N；FKM———控制活塞摩擦阻力，單位為N；FM———錐閥芯總摩擦阻力，單位為N；Fs———彈簧作用力，單位為N；W———閥芯重量，單位為N；AK———控制活塞面積，單位為m2； A———閥座口面積，單位為m2。
當略去控制活塞和錐閥芯的摩擦阻力時，則控制油壓力為：pK=[（pB-pA）AFsW]/AKpA
（2）該值是保證油液反向流動的控制油壓力。若閥口關閉，油液反向流動停止，則出油
腔壓力pA=0。根據控制活塞上腔的泄油方式不同分為內泄式和外泄式。
內泄式也就是簡式液壓單向閥，外泄式液壓單向閥，這種外泄式液壓單向閥反向出油腔壓力pA只作用在控制活塞的上端，作用面積要小得多，同時，反向出油腔壓力油和控制壓力油泄漏到控制活塞上下段之間的容腔內，可通過外泄口直接引到閥體外，以避免由于泄漏油的聚積影響控制活塞的向上運動，故稱為外泄式液壓單向閥。
復式結構液壓單向閥，單向閥芯內裝有卸載小閥芯?？刂苹钊闲袝r先頂開小閥芯使主油路卸壓，再頂開單向閥閥芯，其控制壓力僅為工作壓力的4.5%，沒有卸載小閥芯的液壓單向閥的控制壓力為工作壓力的40%～50%。
液壓單向閥用途
1、保持壓力：滑閥式換向閥都有間隙泄漏現象，只能短時間保壓，當有保壓要求時，可在油路上加一個液壓單向閥，利用錐閥關閉的嚴密性，使油路長時間保壓。
2、液壓缸的“支承"：在立式液壓缸中，由于滑閥和管的泄漏，在活塞和活塞桿的重力下，可能引起活塞和活塞桿下滑。將液壓單向閥接于液壓缸下腔的油路，則可防止液壓缸活塞和滑塊等活動部分下滑。
3、實現液壓缸鎖緊：當換向閥處于中位時，兩個液壓單向閥關閉，可嚴密封閉液壓缸兩腔的油液，這時活塞就不能因外力作用而產生移動。
4、大流量排油：液壓缸兩腔的有效工作面積相差很大。在活塞退回時，液壓缸右腔排油量驟然增大，此時若采用小流量的滑閥，會產生節(jié)流作用，限制活塞的后退速度；若加設液壓單向閥，在液壓缸活塞后退時，控制壓力油將液壓單向閥打開，便可以順利地將右腔油液排出。
5、作充油閥：立式液壓缸的活塞在高速下降過程中，因高壓油和自重的作用，致使下降迅速，產生吸空和負壓，必須增設補油裝置，液壓單向閥作為充油閥使用，以完成補油功能。組合成換向閥：在設計液壓回路時，有時可將液壓單向閥組合成換向閥使用，例如：用兩個液壓單向閥和一個單向閥并聯（單向閥居中），則相當于一個三位三通換向閥的換向回路。
需要指出，控制壓力油油口不工作時，應使其通回油箱，否則控制活塞難以復位，單向閥反向不能截止液流。
